{"id":4109,"date":"2020-07-02T15:15:13","date_gmt":"2020-07-02T07:15:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infolaw.iias.sinica.edu.tw\/?p=4109"},"modified":"2020-12-04T15:41:20","modified_gmt":"2020-12-04T07:41:20","slug":"%e6%b7%ba%e8%ab%87paul-ohm%e3%80%8cforthright-code%e3%80%8d%e4%b8%80%e6%96%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infolaw.iias.sinica.edu.tw\/?p=4109","title":{"rendered":"\u6dfa\u8ac7Paul Ohm\u300cForthright Code\u300d\u4e00\u6587"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"\u00a0\u9867\u9577\u82b8<\/a>
\"\" 2020\u5e7407\u670802\u65e5<\/p>\n\n\n

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\u6cd5\u5b78\u754c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0a\u8ff0\u50b7\u5bb3\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4ee5J. Balkin\u8207 J. Zittrain\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u53d7\u8a17\u8005\uff08information fiduciaries\uff09\u7fa9\u52d9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caW. Hartzog\u8207N. Richards\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5fe0\u8aa0\uff08loyalty\uff09\u70ba\u4f8b\u3002\u8cc7\u8a0a\u53d7\u8a17\u8005\u4ee5\u4e3b\u8981\u6a5f\u69cb\u70ba\u53d7\u8a17\u4eba\u61c9\u8ca0\u6709\u4fdd\u5bc6\u500b\u4eba\u654f\u611f\u8cc7\u8a0a\u4e4b\u7fa9\u52d9\u4f86\u985e\u6bd4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7dda\u4e0a\u670d\u52d9\u696d\u8005\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u63d0\u4f9b\u96fb\u5b50\u90f5\u4ef6\u3001\u641c\u5c0b\u5f15\u64ce\u3001SNS\u7b49\u696d\u8005\u90fd\u61c9\u8ca0\u6709\u4fdd\u8b77\u500b\u8cc7\u4e4b\u7fa9\u52d9\uff1b\u800c\u4f9d\u7167Balkin\u8207Zittrain\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u7dda\u4e0a\u670d\u52d9\u696d\u8005\u61c9\u9075\u5b88\u4e09\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5247\uff1a\u9075\u5b88\u516c\u5e73\u8cc7\u8a0a\u539f\u5247\u3001\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u6b67\u8996\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u5f97\u6feb\u7528\u4fe1\u8cf4\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\u8cc7\u8a0a\u53d7\u8a17\u8005\u6982\u5ff5\u5118\u7ba1\u807d\u8d77\u4f86\u5408\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u52d9\u4e0a\u96e3\u4ee5\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u50c5\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u5927\u578b\u7dda\u4e0a\u670d\u52d9\u696d\u8005\u3002\u800cHartzog\u8207Richards\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u7dda\u4e0a\u670d\u52d9\u696d\u8005\u61c9\u4ee5\u300c\u5fe0\u8aa0\u300d\uff08loyalty\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u696d\u8005\u61c9\u907f\u514d\u9020\u6210\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u640d\u5931\u800c\u81ea\u6211\u5716\u5229\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0d\u5f97\u5411\u4e0d\u540c\u5ba2\u6236\u6536\u53d6\u4e0d\u540c\u8cbb\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u64cd\u5f04\u5ba2\u6236\u7b49\u3002\u5fe0\u8aa0\u96d6\u8207\u300c\u5766\u767d\u300d\u6982\u5ff5\u76f8\u8fd1\uff0c\u4f46\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5fe0\u8aa0\u8457\u91cd\u65bc\u95dc\u4fc2\u548c\u7fa9\u52d9\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u65bc\u73fe\u4eca\u79d1\u6280\u4e26\u4e0d\u9069\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u96e3\u4ee5\u60f3\u50cf\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u6703\u5c0d\u4e0b\u8f09\u4e94\u5206\u9418\u96a8\u5f8c\u522a\u9664\u7684APP\u6709\u4f55\u7a2e\u7fa9\u52d9\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f5c\u8005\u8aaa\u660e\u5176\u6240\u6307\u7a31\u7684\u300c\u5766\u767d\u300d\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u5176\u5167\u5728\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f01\u696d\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u500b\u8cc7\u6642\u8207\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u6e9d\u901a\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4ee5\u6e9d\u901a\u7684\u4ecb\u9762\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u90fd\u61c9\u7b26\u5408\u300c\u5766\u767d\u300d\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u3002\u300c\u5766\u767d\u300d\u610f\u6307\u76f4\u63a5\uff08direct\uff09\u3001\u5766\u7387\uff08outspoken\uff09\u3001\u76f4\u8a00\u4e0d\u8af1\uff08straightforward\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u8aa0\u5be6\uff08honest\uff09\uff1b\u5176\u8207\u81ea\u6211\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u65bc\u6709\u79d8\u5bc6\u6216\u6709\u96b1\u542b\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u6c42\u5176\u81ea\u9858\u63d0\u4f9b\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u300c\u5766\u767d\u300d\u7fa9\u52d9\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u91cd\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c07\u5f9e\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u4f01\u696d\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u5c07\u9810\u8a2d\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u800c\u81ea\u9858\u63d0\u4f9b\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u4e3b\u52d5\u91d0\u6e05\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u6240\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u662f\u4f55\u7a2e\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u4e26\u8b66\u544a\u8207\u63d0\u4f9b\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u300c\u5766\u767d\u300d\u4e5f\u91cd\u8996\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u5448\u73fe\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u89e3\u6c7a\u524d\u8ff0\u60e1\u610f\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08dark pattern\uff09\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002Hartzog \u8207 Richards\u53e6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8aa0\u5be6\uff08honesty\uff09\u7fa9\u52d9\u70ba\u4fee\u6b63\u8aa4\u89e3\u4e26\u4e3b\u52d5\u6d88\u9664\u8aa4\u4fe1\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u500b\u4eba\u771f\u6b63\u4e86\u89e3\u5c0d\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff1b\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u6b64\u8207\u300c\u5766\u767d\u300d\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u6709\u6240\u91cd\u758a\uff0c\u4f46\u300c\u5766\u767d\u300d\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u53bb\u8b58\u5225\u4ee5\u53ca\u5206\u4eab\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u300c\u5766\u767d\u300d\u4e00\u8a5e\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u7bc4\u570d\u8f03\u7a84\u4e5f\u8f03\u5c11\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\u4e0d\u6613\u88ab\u8aa4\u6703\u8207\u64cd\u5f04\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\u300c\u5766\u767d\u300d\u5f97\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u96b1\u79c1\u7406\u8ad6\u5728\u5be6\u52d9\u4e0a\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u6cd5\u5b78\u8005\u5011\u70ba\u91cd\u5efa\u96b1\u79c1\u6216\u70ba\u4fdd\u8b77\u96b1\u79c1\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u5c07\u96b1\u79c1\u4e00\u8a5e\u8f49\u5316\u6210\u5f97\u4ee5\u63a1\u53d6\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u8a9e\u8a5e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8457\u91cd\u65bc\u7279\u5b9a\u5b57\u8a5e\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u51fa\u65bc\u5584\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5be6\u52d9\u4e0a\u537b\u6703\u9020\u6210\u5e7e\u4e4e\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u5c0d\u96b1\u79c1\u5b57\u8a5e\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6210\u4e09\u985e\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u300c\u5766\u767d\u300d\u5c6c\u65bc\u7b2c\u4e09\u985e\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u985e\u662f\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u5b57\u8a5e\u6355\u6349\u96b1\u79c1\u4e00\u8a5e\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u6216\u5176\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u5c07\u96b1\u79c1\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982A. Westin\u8207C. Fried\u5c07\u96b1\u79c1\u8207\u300c\u63a7\u5236\u300d\uff08control\uff09\u500b\u4eba\u8cc7\u8a0a\u76f8\u9023\uff1bJ. Cohen\u5c07\u525d\u596a\u96b1\u79c1\u5373\u7b49\u540c\u65bc\u525d\u596a\u81ea\u4e3b\uff08autonomy\uff09\uff0c\u5c07\u9650\u5236\u500b\u4eba\u767c\u5c55\uff1bJ. Inness\u8207J. Rosen\u5c07\u96b1\u79c1\u8207\u89aa\u5bc6\uff08intimacy\uff09\u76f8\u95dc\uff1bP. Schwartz\u5247\u63cf\u8ff0\u96b1\u79c1\u8207\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1b\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5177\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u662fH. Nissenbaum\u8a8d\u70ba\u96b1\u79c1\u50c5\u80fd\u65bc\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u5883\u8108\u7d61\u4e0b\u88ab\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u51fa\u60c5\u5883\u8108\u7d61\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff08contextual integrity\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u96b1\u79c1\u7684\u57fa\u6e96\uff08benchmark of privacy\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u8861\u91cf\u65bc\u7279\u5b9a\u8108\u7d61\u4e2d\u8cc7\u8a0a\u898f\u7bc4\u662f\u5426\u6709\u88ab\u9075\u5b88\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u985e\u70ba\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u5b57\u8a5e\u63cf\u7e6a\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4fdd\u8b77\u96b1\u79c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u524d\u8ff0\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u53d7\u8a17\u8005\u6982\u5ff5\uff1bD. Mulligan\u8207K. Bamberger\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u96b1\u79c1\u898f\u7bc4\u4e0d\u5920\u5b8c\u6574\u4e14\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u5f9e\u898f\u7bc4\u4e0a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u96b1\u79c1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u900f\u904e\u4f01\u696d\u81ea\u5f8b\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u8db3\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u500b\u4eba\u96b1\u79c1\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u4fc3\u4f7f\u516c\u53f8\u8058\u50f1\u5c08\u696dCPO\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u4ee5\u6574\u9ad4\u8207\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u5be6\u8cea\u4e0a\u4fdd\u8b77\u96b1\u79c1\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u985e\u5247\u662f\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u5b57\u8a5e\u6307\u51fa\u5be6\u9ad4\u6216\u500b\u4eba\u70ba\u4fdd\u8b77\u96b1\u79c1\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7fa9\u52d9\u6216\u8cac\u4efb\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982FTC\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u3001\u524d\u8ff0\u4e4b\u5fe0\u8aa0\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u63d0\u5021\u4e4b\u5766\u767d\u7fa9\u52d9\uff0c\u90fd\u5c6c\u65bc\u6b64\u985e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u8a55\u8ad6<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"
Photo by CQF-Avoca<\/a>t from Pexels<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Paul Ohm, Forthright Code, 56 Hous. L. Rev. 471 (2018).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\u4f5c\u8005<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

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